ABSTRACT
In our investigation on chemical diversity of secondary metabolites from marine microorganisms, a sponge-derivedfungus was found to produce a glycosylated aromatic compound, karimanone (1). The fungal strain was isolatedfrom an Indonesian sponge Xestospongia sp. collected in Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java, Indonesia, andwas identified as Daldinia eschscholtzii based on the internal transcribed spacer rRNA gene sequence. Herein, wedescribe the isolation and characterization of karimanone (1), a new chromanone-type compound, along with threebiosynthetically related metabolites 2–4. All compounds were active against a multidrug-resistant strain of Salmonellaenterica ser. Typhi with an MIC of 62.5 μg/ml for compound 2 and 125 μg/ml for compounds 1, 3, and 4.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore secondary metabolite of bacteria-associated Xestospongia testudinaria from Tanjung Kasuari, Sorong, Papua. Methods The antimicrobial activities of extracts against two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and three Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Eschericia coli and Salmonella typhi) were determined by disk diffusion dilution method. Results The test showed that of 15 isolates of symbiont bacteria, 6 isolates were successfully isolated and coded, namely, Xp 4.1, Xp 4.2, Xp 4.3, Xp 4.4, Xp 4.5 and Xp 4.6. Of the six bacterial isolates, isolated Xp 4.2 was found to have more powerful antibacterial activity than any other isolates of symbiont bacteria. Antibacterial activity assay for the n-hexane soluble fractions, ethyl-acetate soluble fractions, and n-buthanol soluble fractions revealed more powerful anti-bacterial activity than any other soluble fractions. Phytochemical screening showed alkaloid and steroid/triterpenoid, while identification for isolate of Xp 4.2 bacterial showed bacteria. Conclusions Metabolites of bacterial associated with marine sponge Xestospongia testudinaria promise to be developed into antibacterial agents.